LORD OF THE FLIES SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS CHAPTER 2: FIRE ON THE MOUNTAIN

Yorum bırakın

LORD OF THE FLIES SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS

CHAPTER 2: FIRE ON THE MOUNTAIN

Ralph, Jack and Simon return from exploring. Ralph blows the conch shell to call a meeting. He explains to the other boys that they are on an uninhabited island and describes it full of fruits. Jack interrupts and says there are pigs on the island. So he declares an army of hunters is required for hunting pigs.

Ralph announces to establish some rules: First, no one can speak in the meeting if he is not holding the conch shell. Also no one except Ralph can interrupt the boy who holds the conch. Thus conch gains another value in this chapter and becomes a symbol of democratic freedom and equality because of connection with rules in modern world. Jack says there will be punishment for the ones who break the rules. He likes the idea of rules because he thinks it is a way for punishment. Thus we learn his tendency toward violence.  Actually Jack is one of the boys who know that without rules they will be just savages. However, he is also the first boy who breaks the rules. He interrupts Piggy while he was talking.

The boys also speak about how it is a good island and how much they fun it will be. They believe that their life will be like island adventure novels. At this moment a small six-year old boy with a large mulberry-colored birthmark on his face wants to talk. He claims that the previous night he saw a snake-like beast in the woods and asks what they will do about it. Hearing that the little ones fall into an anxious silence. Ralph tries to assure everyone that there is no beastie and the boy must have dreamt it in his nightmare. And Jack says if a beast exists, his hunters will kill it. Although some signs of doubt of little ones, the boys seem largely reassured after Ralph and Jack convince them.  But in time this fear sets in among nearly all the boys.

Second chapter is important firstly because the manifestation of “the beast.” From this moment trouble begins and the beast is the main reason for behaviors of children.  Beast symbolizes the evil side in human nature. Also it is a symbol of the imaginary enemies of societies whose politicians create to gain support from his people.  Jack uses this beast idea and the fear among children for ensuring his leadership. When the little boy talks about the beastie, he claims that if there is such a creature, he and his hunters will kill it. Thus, he tries to prove that he has power to struggle with everything.

Ralph is confident that they will be rescued soon and suggests build a signal fire on the mountain to attract the attention of passing ships. Immediately the boys rush off to the mountaintop and collect a huge pile of wood to start a fire.  When the boys run, Piggy says they are like “a crowd of kids.” This comment is ironic and shows how Piggy is mature and set apart from the group.

 

At that moment they realize that they don’t have anything to light the fire. Jack grabs the Piggy’s glasses without asking permission and Ralph starts the fire by concentrating the rays of the sun through it. After the fire starts, Ralph hands back its glasses to Piggy. Piggy can’t see anything without his glasses, so he is terrified at this moment. He speaks about their immaturity and tells that they should be more responsible and Jack begins arguing with him. Jack also offers his hunters will keep the fire always burning so it will never go out.

Fire is important throughout the story and the main reason of conflicts between Jack and Ralph. Also Golding uses fire as a sample for human development. Like the historical facts of early human society the boys’ first achievement is building a fire.

Another symbol in this chapter is the Piggy’s glasses. It is the symbol of technology and humanity’s ability to harness nature.

Meanwhile the fire burns out of control and spreads to other parts of the island burning down everything in its path. Piggy says they should act sensibly. He says the shelters are more important and reminds that they still don’t know how many kids there are. Also discovers the boy with birthmark who worried about the “beastie” is missing and asks to other boys. Nobody knows. The boy is never seen again throughout the story. So we know that he has probably been burned to death. The first death occurs in this chapter. The boy with birthmark was killed by the fire so through the lack of responsibility. His death foreshadows later tragedies.

OMER SEYFETTIN THE CURRYCOMB STORY READ ONLINE

Yorum bırakın

Ömer Seyfettin

The Currycomb

We used to hear the gurgling of the stream under the willow trees while we were playing in the stable yard. Our house seemed to be lost amidst the chestnut trees.

One summer, my mother went to İstanbul. Since my father was at work all day, my younger brother Hasan and I were spending our time with our groom Dadaruh.

Dadaruh, who was looking after my father’s horses, was an old man.  We loved horses very much. As soon as we woke up, the first thing we did was to go to the stable. Leading the horses to waterside and riding them with Dadaruh were the things that we never got bored of doing again and again. Dadaruh let Hasan sit with him on the horse since he was afraid of riding alone.

Putting barley on horses’ feedbags, placing hay in troughs, cleaning the barn and removing the droppings were better than any children’s game for us. But grooming was the most enjoyable one. When Dadaruh started grooming Tosun, the sound “tick tick” like a clock would come out.  As soon as I heard this harmonious sound, I began insisting on grooming him by myself. Dadaruh placed me on the back of Tosun, gave me the currycomb and told me “Go on, do it”

I groomed Tosun but I couldn’t make that harmonious sound. However, I still asked questions to Dadaruh:

  • Is he wagging his tail?
  • Yes, he is.
  • Let me see!

Although I leaned and stretched back, I couldn’t see the tail because of horse’s belly.

Every morning when I came to the stable, I wanted to groom Tosun by myself.

  • I am going to groom Tosun.

But, Dadaruh never let me to do the grooming by myself.

  • No, you can’t.
  • Why?
  • Because you are still a child.
  • I can do it.
  • You can do it when you grow up!
  • When?
  • When you get taller!

It was just the grooming that I couldn’t do by myself. And It was the most enjoyable activity for me. My height couldn’t even reach to the belly of the horse. Tosun seemed to be happy while grooming, he was wagging his tail and putting his ears down. When the grooming came to an end, he got bad tempered. Then Dadaruh would slap on his belly and start to groom other horses.

One day when Dadaruh went down to the stream side with Hasan, I was alone at home.  I decided to do the grooming. I looked for the currycomb but I couldn’t find it. I went inside Dadaruh’s small room which was in the corner of the stable. I looked for it on the shelves and between the saddles, but I couldn’t. There was a wooden box under Dadaruh’s bed. I opened it.

A currycomb was shining amongst the presents that my mother sent from İstanbul a week ago. I was so excited. I took it and ran to Tosun. I wanted to groom his belly but Tosun didn’t stand still. I thought that the currycomb was hurting him because of its very sharp silver teeth. So I rubbed the currycomb against wall to dull sharp teeth. I tried grooming again but Tosun still didn’t stand. I got angry. I ran to the stable yard and put it on the stone of the feeding trough.  I picked up a big stone and hit it on the currycomb which was not used by Dadaruh yet.  Then I threw the broken currycomb into the trough.

The next day I was alone in the stable. Hasan was at home with our housemaid Pervin. Every morning my father came to the stable and gave a quick look around. He saw the broken currycomb inside the trough and called Dadaruh:

  • Come here! What is this?

I was out of breath and very afraid. Dadaruh was surprised to see the broken currycomb. He answered:

  • I don’t know.

When my father turned at me, without letting him ask I said:

  • Hasan broke it.

My father:

  • Hasan?
  • He went into Dadaruh’s room while he was sleeping. He took the currycomb from the wooden box and then smashed it with a stone.
  • Why didn’t you tell Dadaruh?
  • He was sleeping.
  • Bring him here.

I ran to the house towards the shady route and told Hasan that father wanted to see him. My poor brother, without knowing anything, followed me running. My father was a strict person. We were terrified when he looked at us. By looking at Hasan:

  • If you lie, I will beat you!

Hasan:

  • I won’t.
  • Why did you break this currycomb?

Hasan surprisingly looked at the currycomb which Dadaruh was holding. Then he shook his yellow haired head and told:

  • I didn’t.
  • Don’t lie to me!
  • I am not lying. I didn’t break it.

My father told him once more:

  • Lying is bad. If you tell me the truth I won’t be angry.

Hasan insisted on denying. My father got angered. He slapped him in the face saying ‘Liar’.

My father shouted:

  • Take him to the house. Never let him come to the stables again. He can sit in the house with Pervin.

Dadaruh took Hasan in his arms and walked towards to the house.

From then on I always played alone in the stable. Hasan was never given permission to leave the house. He was not forgiven even though my mother had come back. Whenever my father talked about Hasan, he called him a liar. Hasan began crying when he remembered that he was slapped.

My mother never thought that I blamed Hasan. According to her the currycomb could have been smashed by the horses because of Dadaruh.

In the summer of the following year, my mother went to İstanbul once more and we were alone again. Hasan was still not allowed to go to the stable. He always asked me questions about the colts and the horses. One day he got sick. The doctor diagnosed him with diphtheria. All the villager women came to our house and brought many birds. They slaughtered the birds one by one and put them on my brother’s neck. My father never left my brother alone.

Dadaruh was very silent, and Pervin was crying. I asked Pervin:

  • Why are you crying?
  • Your brother is ill.
  • But, he will get better, won’t he?
  • No, he won’t.
  • What will happen to him?
  • He is going to die.
  • Is he?

I began to cry, too. I was sleeping in Pervin’s room since Hasan had been sick. On that night I couldn’t sleep. As I tried to sleep, my little brother’s face came before my eyes. He was crying and saying “liar”. I woke Pervin up.

  • I am going to Hasan’s room.
  • Why?
  • I must tell my father something.
  • What?
  • I am going to tell him that I broke the currycomb.
  • Which currycomb?
  • The currycomb which was broken last year. You know, my father beat Hasan and got angry with him…

I couldn’t finish my sentence. I sobbed uncontrollably. I told Pervin everything. I wanted to tell all to my father, too. I thought Hasan could have heard it and forgiven me.

Pervin:

  • You can tell your father tomorrow.
  • No, I must go now.
  • Your father is sleeping now. Hasan is sleeping, too. You can tell him tomorrow morning. Your brother can hear and forgive you.
  • Ok then.
  • Come on, sleep now.

I couldn’t sleep until the morning. I woke Pervin up early in the morning. We got up. I hurried up to get rid of my guilt. We found my father and Dadaruh crying in the hall. Unfortunately, my brother Hasan was dead.

EDGAR ALLAN POE BLACK CAT

Yorum bırakın

EDGAR ALLAN POE BLACK CAT

 I know you are not going to believe this story. I don’t expect you to believe me. Only a crazy person could think that you would believe … And I am not crazy.  But it is a true story, as true as I will die tomorrow morning. Yes, tomorrow I will die and before my execution I need to unburden myself. I want to write and tell the world about how I have been destroyed.  Maybe someday, someone can explain what really happened. Because it is not an ordinary and a “natural” story.

Since my birth I have always been a peaceful and kind person. This goodness led me to love animals. My parents knew my love for them and spoiled me with a lot of pets. Animals were always part of my family and I grew up surrounded by a variety of different species. I spent most of my time with animals and was happy as while feeding and petting them. The years went by, I grew into a quiet man and my love for animals became stronger. They have always been my best friends. I discovered they were more friendly and honest than most men.

I got married quite young. I was lucky. Because my wife loved animals as much as I did. You can understand the joy I felt in these days. She gave me many amazing animals as presents. We had different sorts of birds, fish, rabbits, a fine dog and… a cat.

This cat was a special and beautiful animal. He was unusually large, all over black and also very smart. In speaking of his intelligence my wife often joked about what some people believed that all black cats are evil in disguise.  She was not superstitious and never really serious about it.

I named it Pluto. It was the pet I liked most. I fed and showed my deep love for him all the time. I did everything for him myself and never let my wife take care of him. It was fond of me too and followed me wherever I went. Even he wanted to follow me through the streets when I go out and I would stop it with difficulty.

For years we had been best friends and lived happily together. However my character and attitude slowly changed during those years.  I started to drink too much. This evil enemy and worst illness of man made me nervous and cruel to every living creature. I was not a gentle and good-hearted person as before and began to get angry about even the smallest things. I hit my loving wife several times and used bad language with her. My pets felt the change in my character too. I neglected and maltreated them if they got in my way… Except Pluto. But my addiction grew worse and worse. Soon I did horrible things to my dear Pluto too.

One night, I returned home very late from the inn where I spent my time drinking. I was heavily drunk. When I entered the home Pluto ran away from me. I wanted him to come near me but he kept staying away.  This action made me angry. I grabbed him by his neck, picked him up and shook. In his fright at my violence he bit my hand. At once I completely lost my mind.  As if someone else possessed my body! I was not myself anymore. I took a knife out of my pocket. Then I held the poor animal by his neck and cut out one of his eyes from its socket. Today, I am shaking and blushing while I am writing down this terrible event.

The next morning I was deeply sorry what I had done. I couldn’t understand how I had committed such an evil thing. But I couldn’t change my life and continued to drink. Soon I forgot what I had done.

As the days passed Pluto slowly got well. Now there was only a frightful hole where its eye once had been. But at least he no longer appeared to suffer any pain.  However, not surprisingly, he ran away from me in fear whenever I went too close. At first I felt sad about this cat which had once loved me so much now hated me. Then, slowly, I began to feel angry. The human heart is strange and there is no way to understand it. We have a strong desire to do forbidden acts.  Haven’t we all done something silly or evil just because we know that we should not do it? Finally this feeling seized me and I did another terrible thing to this innocent animal.

One day, I found a strong rope and tied it around Pluto’s neck in cold blood. Then I hung it to the limp of a tree and left it until he was dead. Tears were streaming from my eyes while I was doing this terrible thing. There was an awful sadness in my heart. But I did… I couldn’t stop myself.. I killed it. I killed it because I knew that it had loved me… I did because I knew that I was committing a sin.

That same night I heard through the window people outside shouting “Fire! Fire!” and woke up suddenly. Our house was on fire and the flames had already reached the bedroom.  My wife and I jumped from the bed and escaped with great difficulty. We were lucky but the house and everything we have burned down to the ground.

On the morning of the fire there was nothing left of the building. All but one inner wall fell down. This still standing part was one of my bedroom walls where head of my bed rested. I thought the fire hadn’t damaged this part because there was a new and wet plaster on it. A crowd of people were looking at this wall and talking about something. When I came closer I heard someone saying “How Strange!” and another person “That’s weird”. So I looked at the wall that they are talking about. There was a shape of a cat with a rope around its neck.

The moment I saw the shape I couldn’t move and stood there in horror. Several minutes passed until I started to think clearly. I had to think, I had to explain why it was there. After thinking about it for a while I remembered that I had left the cat hanging from a tree in the garden next to my house. When the neighbors noticed the fire they must have come to the garden. Probably one of them cut the dead cat from the tree and threw it through my bedroom’s open window to wake me up. The falling walls must have pressed its body into the fresh and soft plaster. After the cat burned completely, this black shape had been left there. Yes, that was what happened.

I tried hard to convince myself about this idea.  For months, I couldn’t manage to forget that shape … and Pluto. In time, I began to feel regret about losing him. Even in my dreams I saw it. So I decided to find another cat similar to Pluto. I searched around the streets looking at all the cats but I couldn’t find one like him.

One night, I was drinking in the inn, as usual. Suddenly I noticed a dark object on top of a large barrel in the corner. I was surprised because I was looking at this point just a few minutes ago but I hadn’t seen it. In surprise, I got up and went over to see what it was. I touched it and found that it was a cat. It was as large as Pluto had been. It was almost exactly like Pluto. Except for one thing. Pluto was black all over and didn’t have even one white hair but this cat had a big white shape on his chest. As soon as I touched it, cat arose and pressed softly his back against my hand. At that moment I realized that this was the cat I had been looking for. I offered the innkeeper some money to buy it from him. But he said that the cat didn’t belong to him. In fact he had never seen it before and didn’t know where it had come from.

When I left the inn, the cat followed me into street and came home after me. From that day it stayed with us. My wife loved him too and soon the cat became her favorite pet. But, as the days passed, I found myself disliking him. In the beginning I didn’t know the reason for my hatred. Later, I understood that this annoyance came from the way he loved me. Although I hated him, I was careful about not to harm. I tried to keep away from him as possible.

I know one reason why I hated this cat. First morning after he came home I discovered that, like Pluto, his one eye was missing. At the moment I found it, I terrified. I started to think how was it possible? My dear wife loved him more because of this fact. However, the cat didn’t love my wife. It just loved me. It seemed the more I hated him, the more he loved me.

It always followed me wherever I went. When I sat down he jumped onto my knees or lay down under my chair. When I got up to walk he get between my feet and nearly made me fall. I wanted to kill it at such times but I didn’t. I stopped myself because I was afraid. I am ashamed to tell it. But yes, I was afraid of a cat.

As I mentioned before, the cat had a white mark on his chest. At first this mark was unclear. But slowly changed and turned to a clear shape of something… Something I fear to say. It was the shape of that terrible instrument of fear, of pain, of agony and of death- the gallows!

Every passing day my fear grew and grew. I turned into a different person.  I couldn’t rest or sleep. Every night fearful nightmares woke me up and I would be covered in sweat. When I opened my eyes I found the cat sitting next to me.  With this fear, the smallest piece of goodness within me disappeared. I hated everything and everybody.

One day my wife came with me into the cellar to get some wood. The cat, running under my feet as always, nearly made me fall. In sudden anger I took an axe and swung it toward the cat. But my wife held my arm to stop me. This interference made me angrier. I turned and buried the axe deep into her head. She fell dead on the floor, without making a sound.

After this hideous murder, I made plans to hide the body. I have to do something quickly.  I couldn’t take it out of the house without the risk of being seen. I thought of cutting it very small pieces and burn them. I thought of burying it in the floor of the cellar. I thought of throwing it into the well in the garden. I thought of packing it in a wooden box and carrying it away. Finally, I noted a place in the walls of the cellar. I decided to hide the body there.

Walls of the cellar were quite old. Also there was a place where stones had recently been added to cover an old fireplace. I knew behind the wall there was enough space to put the body. I began to work without delay.

I easily took off some plaster, took out the bricks and put my wife in the middle of the wall. Then I put back the bricks and covered them with new plaster. The new plaster couldn’t be distinguished from the old. I cleaned everything carefully. It was impossible for anyone to understand that this was a new wall.

I decided to kill the cat, too. He was bringing me bad luck. I looked around everywhere but it was gone. I thought it was scared of me and ran away. I didn’t see it during the night either. That night I, who had just killed her wife, slept with a happy sense of relief.

Three days passed and the cat still didn’t show up. Feeling much better without the cat I was a happy and free man as before.  I wasn’t worried by what I had done.   A few people came and asked about my wife. I answered these questions easily. On the fourth day, police visited and searched my house but I was sure that nothing would be found. They looked everywhere, all the rooms and then went down into the cellar. They asked me to come with them. I was sure of myself and calmly watched them as they searched the cellar. As I expected, nothing was discovered.  Soon they decided to leave. I was so happy that something inside me forced me to talk. I wanted to show the police, how totally innocent I am.

“Good day to you gentlemen” I said. “Let me show you something before you left. Do you see how well-built these walls. This house is old but very well-constructed.  As I spoke, I knocked with a cane on the wall where I had hidden the body of my wife.

At that moment a horrible cry came from within the wall.   At first, the voice was soft like a baby crying. Then it grew into a long scream of pain and horror such as rising from hell.

For a moment, policemen stood with their mouths open in terror. They looked at each other, then at me. All ran to the wall and began pulling out bricks. In a short time the wall broke down and the body of my wife appeared. On her head there was cat with red open mouth and one burning eye shining like fire. I had put this monster into the wall alive. I became a murderer because of him, and now he was sending me to the gallows.

-THE END-

LORD OF THE FLIES SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS CHAPTER ONE: THE SOUND OF THE SHELL

Yorum bırakın

9.SAHNE

LORD OF THE FLIES SUMMARY AND ANALYSIS

CHAPTER ONE: THE SOUND OF THE SHELL

Lord of the Flies is the first and most acclaimed book of William Golding. It is a tragic parody of children’s adventure tales like “Coral Island.” Even Golding borrowed Coral Island’s two main character’s names, Ralph and Jack, for his book. But unlike the optimistic air in Coral Island, Golding focuses on the evil nature that underlies even the most civilized human beings and examines man’s internal struggle between good and evil. Since its publication in nineteen fifty four, the novel has been widely regarded as a classic.

Lord of the flies is about a group of English schoolboys stranded on an island. During a nuclear war, a plane carrying a group of boys is shot down and crashes into an uninhabited tropical island. Only survivors after the crash are the boys ages six to twelve. When it reveals they are alone without adults, the boys realize that they have to fend for and govern themselves. They begin to their new life full of excitement and try to form a culture similar to the one they had before. But without adult supervision and constraints of society the order they tried to create gradually breaks down. Eventually the boys turn against one another in the face of an imagined beast.

The first chapter “The Sound of the Shell” begins with the description of a twelve-year-old boy with fair hair who explores the jungle. While he is trying to climb out, he comes across another child around his age, a fat boy wearing glasses. We learn, through their conversation, that they were on a plane that evacuate the schoolboys from a war zone. But the plane was shot down and landed on this island.  All the adults in the plane were died. Also it reveals that there is a nuclear war in the world.   

Fair haired boy says his name: Ralph. But Ralph doesn’t ask the other boys’ name.  The fat boy confesses that he has been called Piggy at school but begs Ralph not to tell this nickname to anyone. But Ralph begins to call him Piggy anyway. Piggy never gets a chance to tell his real name throughout the book.

The two boys talk about to determine what to do next. Ralph doesn’t complain about the situation they are in. Living alone with no adults around is exciting for him. His father is a commander in the navy; so he is confident that they will be rescued soon. But Piggy is aware of how bad situation they are in. Also he says probably no one knows where they are. Because he heard that an atom bomb exploded and maybe all the adults were killed.

They together make their way through the jungle onto the beach and a lagoon. As they play around, they recognize a large conch shell in the water there. Piggy identifies it as a valuable object and Ralph takes it out from the water using a broken palm sapling.

Piggy suggests that using the shell as a horn they can call any other survivors who might be around. He can’t do it yourself because of his asthma but instructs Ralph about how to blow it. After a few failed attempts, Ralphs sounds the conch successfully like a trumpet. Soon other boys between ages 6 and 12 begin to come from the jungle onto the beach and congregate around Ralph and Piggy.

Lastly a group of boys, all dressed in black robes with crosses and caps, come in two parallel lines. They have a very impressive but intimidating appearance and led by a boy named Jack Merridew. We learn that they are the choir group and Jack is their leader. Jack asks where the man with the trumpet is. Ralph explains there is no man and it was just him using the shell.

When the boys realize that they are no adults around, they decide to choose a chief to decide things. Jack says he is the head boy at the school and leader of the choir, so he should be the chief.  But another boy suggests that they should vote for the chief. There are only two obvious contenders: Jack and Ralph. Even though Jack has natural leadership qualities, all the boys except the choir members vote for Ralph. Because he is the boy who blows the conch which has a strong impression on the others. This democratic election shows that initially they still has some rules similar to the civilized world. Jack is disappointed after the election. So, Ralph offers him to remain in charge of the choir boys who will become hunters. Jack agrees.

Ralph’s first decision as chief is set off an expedition to determine whether or not they are really on an island. He choses Jack and Simon to come with him to explore. By this survey a friendship develops between them. Three boys are included in group by Golding purposely. Because Ralph represents civilization, Jack represents savagery and Simon represents pure goodness. In this way writer wanted to show all different groups can get along with in civilized world.

Three boys climb the mountain through the undergrowth and creepers. They also stop to fun and roll a huge rock down the slope. As we mentioned before “Lord of the Flies” is about the evil nature of human beings.  We all have a conception of human identity as the master and possessor of nature. In the book this concept reveals firstly when Ralph, Jack and Simon push a rock and delight as it crashes down. This is the beginning of the need to destroy. This seemingly innocent act will culminate with the killing of Piggy and burning of the island completely later in the book.

When finally reach the summit they confirm that it is indeed an uninhabited island. Then they decide to find food and continue to explore the island. On their way back, the boys find a piglet trapped in the vines. Jack draws his knife to kill it. However, he hesitates so piglet frees itself and escapes. Because Jack, who will be the one of the most savage boys in the island, is still under the pressure of civilized world. And this pressure doesn’t let him spill blood. But from this moment his savage desires awake and he vows that next time he will show no mercy.

The first chapter also concentrates on character personalities. Ralph is a quite handsome and strong boy. Golding describes him as “beautiful”. In contrast Piggy is overweight and the only boy in the group who wears glasses. He is the subject of ridicule in his school. He has asthma, doesn’t know how to swim. Ralph is brave and has self-confidence. On the contrary Piggy is wimpy. He is singled out by the other boys after a short time they met. After calling “Fatty” by Jack, Ralph interrupts and reveals his nickname “Piggy”. He is made fun of even by the little ones. No one likes him throughout the story.

In this chapter Golding also gives some clues about boys’ psychological states and intelligences. When it reveals that there are no adults survived, Ralph likes the idea of living without adult supervision. He is ignorant of facts. But Piggy, who has rational intelligence, is not pleased and aware of without adults, life will be hard for them.

Jack Merridew is the only boy who insists on use his last name. He thinks Jack is a kid’s name and he is not a kid. The group that led by him is more organized than the first group of children. Also everyone in his group takes orders from him. It shows that he is a natural leader and has the ability to keep the others in line and order. However, the boys choose Ralph as their leader and this decision brings a disappointment for Jack. But he never gives up his passion for govern to others. He also believes that they will definitely be rescued. These thought will contribute his behaviors later in the book. Becoming leader of the hunters reveals his desire to kill. Also he is an abrupt and aggressive boy and symbolizes savage side of humanity.

Another important character in this chapter is “Simon”. His name first appears as the “fainted boy in the choir”. We learn in this chapter he is a mild-tempered boy. But further psychological states will appear in following chapters.